Cite Sources in APA
- Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association7th ed., Circulation-Reserve, Research Desk, and Pearland Reference BF76.7 P83
See also APA Style, which includes instructional aids (a student title page guide, reference quick guide, and more) and a searchable blog.
The following also may be of help, but always verify with the latest edition of the official style manual.
- APA Formatting and Style GuideOnline Writing Lab, Purdue Univ.
- APA Style Tip Sheet(7th ed.) UHCL Writing Center
- APA Style websiteIncludes popular style guidelines, tutorials, instructional aids, and blog posts that address common style questions. A publication of the American Psychological Association.
- Citation Fox - APAUniv. Libraries, SUNY Albany
- NoodleTools ExpressA free online citation builder for APA, MLA, and Chicago/Turabian styles; requires several preliminary steps to reach citation template
Citations
The whole point of doing research is to explore the topic you are researching and present the conclusions you draw from the information you find. When you cite your sources, you are showing readers how you came to those conclusions and how they fit in the greater academic conversation.
Failing to cite a source is, basically, taking credit for that author's work. It's a form of academic theft.
Citing sources is an important part of academic culture -- you're building on the contributions of others while seeking new discoveries, knowledge, and understanding.
Always cite sources when you use someone else's ideas or work. Failure to do so constitutes plagiarism, which violates UHCL's Academic Honesty Policy, even if done unintentionally.
Different disciplines or fields of study put emphasis on different things. For example:
In most humanities fields, there is not as much emphasis placed on the currency of the sources being used. This is because less recent views on particular works or events are often still relevant to new research. In MLA, the citation style used in these disciplines, the essay is formatted so that the focus is solely on analysis and citations.
In social science and education fields, it is important to focus on the currency of the information being used. As you will see in APA citations, the year is noted early in the entry, second only to the author's name. The format of an APA paper also lends itself to the presentation of methodology and results of experiments and empirical studies.
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Avoiding PlagiarismRecognizing when a citation is needed, acceptable paraphrasing, etc.
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